Which of the following are signs of heat stroke?

Heat stroke is a serious medical emergency that occurs when the body's temperature regulation system is overwhelmed by excessive heat, leading to a critical elevation in body temperature. One of the hallmark signs of heat stroke is an increased body temperature, often above 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius), which can disrupt normal physiological functions. Additionally, a rapid pulse is another significant indicator, as the heart works harder to cool the body and maintain blood circulation under stress.

Recognizing these signs is vital for prompt medical intervention, as heat stroke can lead to severe complications, including organ damage or death. The presence of confusion can sometimes occur but is more characteristic of other heat-related illnesses like heat exhaustion rather than being a definitive sign of heat stroke. In contrast, while symptoms like nausea, headache, fainting, and shivering may occur in cases of heat exhaustion or other heat-related illnesses, they do not specifically indicate heat stroke as the combination of high body temperature and a rapid pulse does. Thus, the specific signs of increased body temperature and a rapid pulse are essential and distinctive indicators of heat stroke.